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Modern architectures and communication systems software include complex hardware, communication abstractions, and optimizations that make their performance difficult to measure, model, and understand. This paper examines the ability of modified versions of the existing Netgauge communication performance measurement tool and LogGOPS performance model to accurately characterize communication behavior of modern hardware, MPI abstractions, and implementations. This includes analyzing their ability to model both GPU-aware communication in different MPI implementations and quantifying the performance characteristics of different approaches to non-contiguous data communication on modern GPU systems. This paper also applies these techniques to quantify the performance of different implementations and optimization approaches to non-contiguous data communication on a variety of systems, demonstrating that modern communication system design approaches can result in widely-varying and difficult-to-predict performance variation, even within the same hardware/communication software combination.